The report analyzes the link between the desire to migrate and health, and whether those who want to migrate are in better health than those who want to stay. The study uses data from the Gallup World Poll (GWP), a global annual survey covering 160 countries and 99% of the world's population. The GWP is used to examine migration both within countries (from rural areas to cities) and internationally, with a particular focus on migration aspirations from countries outside the EU to EU countries. The report examines whether potential migrants tend to be healthier than non-migrants, the so-called “healthy migrant effect.”
The results of the study confirm that individuals who perceive themselves to be in better health are, on average, slightly more likely to want to migrate. The report's conclusions reinforce the view that migration should not be seen solely as a challenge for the receiving countries, but can also be an important addition to society's resources.
About the authors
Mikael Elinder is a Professor at the Department of Economics, Uppsala University, Director of the Uppsala Center for Fiscal Studies (UCFS), and affiliated with the Center for Health Economics Research (HEFUU).
Oscar Erixson is an Associate Professor at the Institute for Housing and Urban Research (IBF), Uppsala University, and affiliated with Urban Lab, HEFUU, and UCFS.
The report was published on 11 November 2025.
Picture: Tobias Mrzyk via Unsplash.
